Today’s episode is all about coffee. AKA: the good old morning brew—the life-saving afternoon pick-me-up—and the fabled cup of Joe. But before we get carried away with all that, we get into some stats about coffee. Then we talk about some of the challenges of its production, preparation, transportation, roasting, and selling. This is a cherished drink that's faced a lot of controversy for centuries, having associations with revolutions, addiction, mold toxins, and the all-too-common "coffee jitters". At the end of the show, we talk about Indigenous farmers using coffee as a way to become more food sovereign. Here's some of what we talk about: - Coffee Stats and Facts - History and Revolutions - Mold toxins (mycotoxins) - How to avoid mold toxins - NDN Coffee Sovereignty ~ Links & Resources: Coffee Statistics: [Gallup](https://news.gallup.com/poll/184388/americans-coffee-consumption-steady-few-cut-back.aspx), [CreditDonkey](https://www.creditdonkey.com/coffee-drinking-statistics.html), [USGS](https://water.usgs.gov/edu/activity-watercontent.php), [World Atlas](https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/top-coffee-producing-countries.html), & [USDA](https://gain.fas.usda.gov/Recent%20GAIN%20Publications/Coffee%20Annual_Sao%20Paulo%20ATO_Brazil_5-15-2018.pdf) [Another Podcast Episode about Coffee](https://blog.bulletproof.com/100-coffee-titan-dan-cox-on-caffeine-coffee-and-mycotoxins-podcast/) [Coffee Documentary](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEDwRrjhnNs) Coffee History Links [1](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781444347098.ch1), [2](http://www.coffeeresearch.org/coffee/history.htm), [3](http://www.ncausa.org/About-Coffee/History-of-Coffee), & [4](https://nationalcoffee.blog/2015/12/15/5-attempts-to-ban-coffee-in-history/) Coffee and Revolutions [1](https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2013/04/24/178625554/how-coffee-influenced-the-course-of-history) & [2](https://www.stephenhicks.org/2010/01/18/coffee-and-the-enlightenment/) [Processing the bean](https://www.coffeeam.com/methods-of-coffee-processing.html/) [Moldy Movie](https://moldymovie.com/index) [Mycotoxins Map of World for Mold](https://44uc8dkwa8q3f5b66w13vilg-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/RTEmagicC_HT03-2016_Fig1.jpg) [91.7 percent of samples contaminated with mold](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14726276) [this study showed above study's mold levels to be above recommended levels](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10849253) [Mycotoxin-Induced Neurotoxicity](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3179161/) [Ochratoxin A and Mutagenesis/Oxidative Stress](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2367102/) [Carcinogenic and genotoxic effects of mycotoxins](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3302714) [Coffee Bean Transport—A Global Journey](https://www.ronnoco.com/blogs/news/coffee-bean-transport-a-global-journey) [Cooperation, Fair Trade, and the Development of Organic Coffee Growing in Chiapas](https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/2/357) [Can agroecological coffee be part of a food sovereignty strategy in Puerto Rico?](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718518303191) [Coffee and the Shock Doctrine in Puerto Rico](https://www.commondreams.org/views/2018/08/04/coffee-and-shock-doctrine-puerto-rico) Coffee Recommendations: [1](https://www.winonaladuke.com/coffeeshop), [2](http://www.australianindigenouscoffee.com.au/), [3](https://us.foursigmatic.com/), & [4](http://www.kaapittiaq.ca) ~ [Like this show? Leave us a review here](https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-ndn-science-show/id1377936061?mt=2)... even one word or one sentence helps! And if you leave your Twitter handle we'll be sure to thank you personally! [NDN Science Show WordPress Page](http://ndnscienceshow.wordpress.com) ~ ...
Today’s episode is all about restoration… specifically, Biocultural Restoration and how this field of science brings different disciplines into a synthesized approach. This approach aims to restore and revitalize both ecosystems and the cultures that were originally responsible for them. We discuss everything from our experience with this field of study in our graduate program to definitions and paradigms that surround ecological restoration. We also go over some of the drawbacks to ecological restoration, how biocultural restoration addresses these drawbacks, and how all of this relates to bringing worldviews together and integrating knowledge systems. Some of the main ideas we talk about are: - It's important for everyone to have a seat at the table... this includes scientists, managers, and the community they're working with. - What’s missing from ecological restoration... an ongoing Cultural Context - Restoration Ecology Myths: Carbon Copy and Sysiphus Complex - Definitions of ecological, biocultural, and reciprocal restoration - The value of other worldviews and working together - Integrating different Ways of Knowing ~ Resources: [The Myths of Ecological Restoration (article)](http://www.researchgate.net/publication/279891961_The_Myths_of_Restoration_Ecology) [Restoration Ecology: The State of an Emerging Field (article)](http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c04d/efa922d0ff40c938564e663b6cd3aa5c5bd7.pdf) [Ecological Restoration (textbook)](http://www.amazon.com/Ecological-Restoration-Susan-M-Galatowitsch/dp/0878936076) [Tropical Ecological and Biocultural Restoration (article)](http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Daniel_Janzen2/publication/6070586_Tropical_Ecological_and_Biocultural_Restoration/links/564d068d08ae1ef9296a775f/Tropical-Ecological-and-Biocultural-Restoration.pdf) [Restoration and Reciprocity: The Contributions of Traditional Ecological Knowledge](http://www.researchgate.net/publication/226214585_Restoration_and_Reciprocity_The_Contributions_of_Traditional_Ecological_Knowledge) [Indigenous and Western Science Workshop at SUNY-ESF](http://www.twoways2know.blogspot.com/) [American Indian Science and Engineering Society National Conference](http://www.conference.aises.org/) ~ [Like this show? Leave us a review here](https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-ndn-science-show/id1377936061?mt=2)... even one sentence helps! And if you leave your Twitter handle we'll be sure to thank you personally! You can also [Support the Show on PayPal](https://www.paypal.me/ndnscienceshow) [NDN Science Show Wordpress Page](http://www.ndnscienceshow.wordpress.com) ~ ...
This event was so epic! It's almost impossible for us to truly wrap our minds around but we do our best on today's episode. Although there have been other events of comparable size, this was potentially the largest flood event in Earth's history. The only other event that's potentially larger happened in Siberia. This "lake" carved a path through the Rocky Mountains that still frames the landscape around places like Missoula and Camas Prairie, MT. Enjoy! ~ Links & Resources: [Red Earth, White Lies by Vine Deloria Jr](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/104671.Red_Earth_White_Lies) [Ice Age Flood Institute](https://iafi.org/) [Floodscapes Map](https://iafi.org/floods-features-map/) [Explore Ice-Age Floods and Glacial Features - An Interactive Map](https://iafi.org/floodscapes/) [Montana Natural History Center](https://www.montananaturalist.org/exhibits/explore-glacial-lake-missoula/) [Mystery of the Megaflood on Nova](https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/megaflood/lake.html) [Post-Glacial Radiocarbon Ages for the Southern Cordilleran Ice Sheet](https://www.openquaternary.com/articles/10.5334/oq.55/) [Glacial Lake Missoula Documentary 1](https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=11&v=8w_uTgXv-0c&feature=emb_logo) [Glacial Lake Missoula Documentary 2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJo8m4oKc6k) ~ [Like this show? Leave us a review here](https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-ndn-science-show/id1377936061?mt=2)... even one sentence helps! And if you leave your Twitter handle we'll be sure to thank you personally! You can also [Support the Show on PayPal](https://www.paypal.me/ndnscienceshow) [NDN Science Show WordPress Page](http://ndnscienceshow.wordpress.com) ~ ...
